Projector.



IO.E.L0RD. PROJECTOR. APPLICATION FILED 001219, 1904.

Y PAT-ENTED MARI10, 1903.

lm enfor; b Charles E. Lord.

N Jan-5.97; v o o I I G O PATENTED MAR 19,19 8

, PROJECTOR;

APPLICATION nun bar. '19, 1904.

. ,ChaflesEL-ordf -1Y LAW? U I ES OFFICE .OHARLES E. LORD, OF cINcINNA'r I. omo, AssicNoR-.T GENERAL ELIEGTRIGJCOMPANY; A

, CORPORATION or New YORK. Y

Li rnomc'ros.

1 Specification s1 Letters Patent. Patented March 10, 1908.

Application mea oabber is; 1904. serial No. 229,108.

To allwkom it c dncem:

l-Be it known that I CHARLES E.-Lo1tn,a

cinna'ti, county of Hamilton, State-of Ohio,

have invented certain new and useful -Im--. provements m Projectors, of which the fo'llowing t s a-specification; I

My invention. relates to improvements in l the construction of projectors or head-lamps with especial referenceto such head-lamps as employ an electric arc of high candle-power *as the source, of illumination.

It is at present' customary on hlgh s eed interurban' roads to' iise head light's of jigh candle-power so that" the engineer or inotorman may be able to distinguish objects and exam ne the conditionof t e tracks a; reat distance aheadof the car; or train."" ile .running "the cars or trains through the thoroughfares of cities, it is advisable and sometimes required asthe result of af city' ordi nance .to reduce the intensity of the head hght'from' its .full lower which, is employed on the suburban an inter'urban sections of the road to a power merely sufficient toilluminate'the roadbed afewfeet in front of the car.

This reduction-in intensity of illumination usually accompanied bystopping the-car at the city limits andfplacing in frontof I the lamp a screen'of translucent or opaque material." This is an unsatisfactory,- time-0on s'uming operation annoyin alike to the mo i factoryin operation;

torman and passengers. nother I'neans for accomplishing this end is a combined "arc and incandescent head-lamp with controlling maintain in working condition and "unsatis- The object ofmy invention is to control the'intensityjof illumination of a projector or head-lam and 1 also: the, direction ofthe beam of k ight from-said lamp by, compact,

readily!operated means. To. I

has-lend, II by in connection with the ovable reflector which when inlfone position ems tcthe-be m of light apolished, mird surfaoe or surface of 'hi de rees.

source of. illumination 1n the .head-lamp,-a

v V p h" reflecting quality capable of reflecting the ull intensity of when in another position eadt'white surface or surf;

N 'face of low reflecting quality capable of absorbing the greater-part of said beam of light. This reflector'is preferably so constructed and, arranged that it may be employed to project the"concentrated beam of light thrown upon it from thesOurce of illumination in a any desired direction and change its intensity atw'ilL Myinvention comprises further details of construction and combination of parts that will behereinafter explained and-more spe cifically set forth inthe appended claims.

represents a front sectional elevation ofa ,head-lamp embodying the preferredv form'of .my invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional plan'view' myinvention; Fig. 5 is a front elevation of' the head-lamp shown in Fig. 4 and Fig' 6 is Inthe accompanyingdrawinga Figure 1 a sectional elevation on the line 6 6, Flg. 4. i

Referring to Figs.. 1 and 2, Are resents thecasing of the'head-lamp which is astened 1m any desired manner to the dash-board or other support'B -M0unted Within said casing is an arc lamp 0 provided with automatic feeding mechanism D. The lamp is also provided with a arabolic mirror E ,which concentrates the light from the arc andprojects itinga beam of parallel rays at right 'anglesto thedi'rection-of travel-of the car. The said concentrated'be'am has its direction changed by a reflectorF Whichprojects the beam in any desired direction through the opening G in the front wall of casing'Az.. The reflector F as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is formed ofa plurality of' slats 6 'pivotally mounted in-the up 'per and lower cross pieces Hand 8, respectively, so as to rotate abouhavertical, axis 180 vi ed with a highl polished or mirrored surinirigs i a d h S M 6 are in almement One side of each of the slats is proface'capable of re ecting the full intensity of the beamof light from lamp 0. The opposite 'side of each-of said slatsflis provided with a light absorbing surface being preferably ainted with a dull White paint. IAs shown j forming'a fiat reflecting surface at an angle of i 45 degrees with the beam of light from the lamp. Whenthis reflecting surface is exactly vertical the beamof light will be pro- I jected through the opening G in a direction *perpendicular'tothe direction of the beam emanating fl'onr'tne arabolic mirror E;

that is, in a direction )arallel to the track or rails. The direction this beam of light can, however, be changed by the mechanism which will now be described.

Pivotcd onlugs t) which project from the back wall of the casing A is an arm to which the operating handle 11. is attached. This handle and lugs .1 project through an opening 12 in the dash-board B and said handle is located within easy reach of the motorman. The frame carrying slats (3 is suspended from the forward end of the arm 11) and is provided at its lower extremity with a projtmting lug 13 which operates in the slot 14 and forms a. guide for the reflector as the latter is moved by a movement of the handle 11 in a. vertical plane. 'lhe guide is so arranged that the frame does not change I its 45 degrees angle. with respect to the beam of light from lamp (1. Means are provided for locking the handle and arm in certain definite positions, said means comprising a spring-pressed locking lever '15, pivoted at 16, and haring one arm adapted to engage notches 17 in one of the lugs .1. and having its other arm in such a position as to be 1tl(l1l gripped by the motormau. The latter arm is moved toward the handle 11 against thc action of.spring 1S whenever it dcslrcd to change the position of the frame. The handle 11 is mounted on the outer end of a 'rod 1.) which passes through the entire length of the arm 10. The other end of said rod 1'.) has mounted thereon a hcvcl gcar 20 which is splined on said rod and rotates thertwrith when the handle it is rotated. Meshing with said bevcl-gcar it! is a bcvcl-gcar .21 carried by a hearing J2 supported by arm 10. This bevel-gear is connected through the crank shaft 21; directly with the middle slat ti. A connecting rod 24 connects the crank .23 to the crank 25 formed on each slat ti, wherein a rotary movement of the bevelgcar 21 caused by a rotary mo vcmcnt of the handle 11 is communicated to all of the rotatably-mountwl slats. The gearing and coin nections are so proportioned that a movement of the handle 11 Wt) degrees will cause he slats to rotate in the frame 1th) degrees. The handle 11. as shown in Fig. 2 is provided withmeansfor indicating certain definite positions of the shit s 6. These means comprise recesses 26 with which the projection .17 formed on the handle 11 registers. The said projection 27 is forced into recess 21; b means of the spring 28 which surrounds the rod 19 and is mounted betwcen the shoulder 29 and the collar 30 fastened to-the rod 1!). The said rod is thus capable of a reciprocatory and a rotary movement within the arm 10.

in the operation of my preferred modification, when it is desired to project a beam of light at full intensity directt v ahead of the car the reflector is in the position shown in I Fig. 2. When it is desired to reduce the intensity of thc light, the handle 11 is grasped by the motor-titan and pulled outwardly so as to remove the projection 27 from the recess 26 against the action of the spring 28. The handle 11 is then rotated 180 degrees or less, dcptmding upon the ratio of the gears 20 and l 21. 'lhis'rotates the slats 6 181) degrees so as to present the light-absorbing surface of said slats to thc rays 'of light from the lamp C. \Vhcn it is desired to change the direction of the beam of light. jltc handle 11 and handle 15 are grasped at thc same time, so as to release the locking lever 18 and permit the handle to move in a vertical plane thereby moving thc reflector F into such an angle about -a horizontal axis that it will .project the beam of light in an upward or downward direction. If the handle 11. is rotated so as to change slightly the angle of the slats 6 in the frame 1*, the direction of the beam of light in a horizontal plane may be governed as desired. A combination of the two movements of handle 11, vi... the rotary and the movement in .t vertical plane will serve to govern the beam of light so that it may be thrown in any desired direction within the range of the apparatus.

Referring now to Figs. 4, 5 and 6, in which I have illustrated a simple modification of my invention, A re )resents as before, the head-light casing provided with the opening (1. The parabolic mirror I) which contains the hcad-lamp is suspended from the roof of thc casing A. 'lln feeding mechanism is indicated as before by l). The beam of light from thc parabolic mirror it] is projected downwardtv at a slight angle and is received by the rotatably-mounted slat-s (i which project the beam through the opening G in a direction dependent uponthc angle of said slats in the vertical framc32. With the. slats (i in thc msition shown in Fig. 4, the beam of light will be projected through the opening G in a horizontal direction. A- small portion of thc 1:t \'s willbc reflected by the mirrored "slat (5 in a dowmvard direction through the opcning ti so as to illuminate the track and roadbcd directly in front of the car. Each of thc slats ii is provided with a mirrored sideand a light-absorbing side as before described. 'lhc slat ti" may be provided with a mirrored surface on both sides if desired. 'lhisslat ti" may also be liked in position if it is advisablc and may be formed with a convex reflecting surface. Each of'the rotate: bl v-mountcd slats has fastened therct a crank or arm 33, said arms beingfconnccted together by the ctmnecting rod 34. One of the said slats, shown in Fig. 4 as 6, is provided with a pinion with which the rack 3c meshes. The rack 36 is attached to the rod 37 slidablv mounted in the bearing 38 formed in the back wall of the casing A. This rod, 37 isprovidedwith a handle 39 by means of which the position of the slats 6 and therefore the direction of the beam of: lightv may be governed.

What l claim as new and desire ,to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is, 1. Ina projector, a source of illumination,

Y a surface ofhigh reflecting quality, a surface of' low -.reflecting' quality, and means for changing the position of said'reflecting surfaces so as to project a beam of light of high or low intensity in the direction desired.

2. In a projector, a source of illumination, a', surface of high reflecting quality, a surface 'of low reflecting quality, and ,nieans for changing the relative position of the reflectingsurfaces and said source of illumination so as to project a beam of light of high or low intensity in the direction desired.

- Ima projector, a source of illumination, a reflector adapted to receive the beam of light from said source and project it in the desired direction, said reflector being provided with surfaces of high reflecting and low reflecting qualities, and means for chang-. ing the position of said reflector so as to bring one or the other of said reflecting surfaces into play when a beam of l-iigh or low intensity is desired. t

4. In a ro'ector, a source of illumination, reflector uilt up of a plurality of rotatablymounted slats each having a surface of high reflecting quality and a surface of low reflecting quality, and means for rotating said slats.

5. In a head-lamp, a source, of illumination, a reflector comprising a plurality of movable slats having surfaces of diflerent re-' flective qualities constructed and arranged to receive a beam of light from said source and project itin the desired direction, means for adjusting said refle'ctor to change the direction of the beams of light, and means for adjusting the position of said slats to vary the intensity of said beanr (bin at head-lamp, a source of illumina tion, a parabolic mirror for collecting the lightfrom saidsource and projecting it in parallel rays, a rcfFec-tor comprising a plural ity of movable slats constructed ,and arran e tl' 'tfo receive saidflays and project them in the desired direction and means for chang ing the position of said reflector.

7. In .-a' head-lamp,, a source of illumination, a parabolic mirror for collecting the and .intensit light from said source and "projecting it in parallelrays, a-re'flector'constmcted of i larality' of slats each having a'reflccting su ace and a light-absorbing surface; and means for rotating said-'slatjsflabout' one axi'sand the reflector'as a eabout' an axis at right angles-to the of the beam of light.

8. A best la mp', comprising a casing provided With an opening in its front side, a source of illumination-within said casing out change the direction of alinement with said opening, a reflector comprising a plurahty of movable slats constructed and arranged to receive the rays of light from said source and project them. through said opening, a handle projecting through said casing and attached to said reflector for rocking the reflector as a Whole and changing the direction of the beam of light. 7

vided with an opening in its front side, a source of illumination within said. casing out of alinement with said opening, a reflector comprising. a plurality of movable slats constructed and arranged to receive the rays of light from said source and project them through. said opening, a handle projecting through said casing and attached to said reflector for rocking the reflector as a Whole and changing the direction of the beam of light, and means for locking the handle in any desired position.

, 10. A head-lamp, comprising a casing pro vided Witlran opening in its front side, a source of illumination Within said casing out of alinement with said openin a reflector constructed and arranged to receive the rays of light from said source and project them through said opening, said reflector bein rotatably mounted and provided with a ight reflecting surface, and a liglitabsorbing surface, a handle attached to said reflector and projecting through said casing, and means whereby a rotary u'iovemr-nt of the handle will cause a rotary movement of the reflector so that thc intensity-of light projected through said opening may he changed.

11". in a projector, a source of illumination, a reflcctmbuilt up oi" a plurality of parallel rotatalily'-iiioiiuted slats, and means for rotating said slats. 1

, 12, in a projector, a source oi illumination, a reflector built up of a plurality of par allcl movable slats, means ior moving said slats, and means for moving said reflector to change the direction of the projected beam of flight.

13. In a reflector, a source of illumination, a reflector,having a plurality oi surfaces dil i'cr'ing in'thcir reflective quality, and means foradjusting the reflector to bring any one of these surfaces into use to give beams of difi'crent intensities. I v

14. In a projoctcr, a source of illumination, a refle tor therefor, and means for changing the s iri'acc to change the intensity of the beam of light reflected therefrom.

in witness\ 'hcre-oi', l have hereunto sot my hand this 8th day of October, 1904.

CHARLES l l. LO RI).

' Yituesscs:

$11M roan .KLEIN, FaunJ. hiNsnY.

9. A head-lamp, comprising a casing pro- 

